Screw-machine.



No. 677,871. Patented my 9, 190i.

^ J. P. LAvIGNji.

scm-:w MACHINE.

(Application filed July' 19, 1900.)

(No Model.) l2 sheets/ Shen l.

Patented July 9, 190|.

I2 Sheets-Sheet 2,

WMM.

'SCREW MCHINE.

ation med July 19, 1900) "Jj P. LAvlGNE.

(N0 Modef.)

Pafen'tea July v9, 190|.

Nn. 677,-87l.

. .1. P. LAVIGNEQ SCREW MACHINE. (Applicatvion myd .my 149, 1900;)

(No Model.)-

Nn. 677,87l. l 'Patehted July 9, 190|.

y J. P. LAVIGNL scB'Ew MACHINE.

(Application sled .my 19 1900. (No Model.)

No. 677,87l. Patented July 9, Ism.

J. P. LAVIGNE.

Ascm-:w MACHINE.

t (Application led July 19, 1900.) v

(No Model.) `I2 Sheet s-Sheet 5.

E is@ No. '677,87I. Paented July 9, Ism.

J. P. LAVIGNE.

. scREw MACHINE.

(Application led July 19, 1900.)

I2 Sheets-Sheet 6.

(No Model.)

No. 677,871. Patented luly 9,V mol.

J... P. 'LAVIGNE SCREW MACHINE.

(Apputianmed .my 19, 1900.) A (No Model.) v l2 Sheds-Sheet 7.

Nm-677,871. I Patented July 9,'i'9olq.

J. P. LAVIGNE. scnEwMAcHmE.

(Apbucazion @gedkply' 19, 1goo.) v.

I2 Sheds- Smet (No Nudel.)

. N .mw

IM 111 '1i 11H5' Jl HWI-MIU [Mb/AH f if! N Rim lill Mb 10.16772871. Patented July 9, |901.

P LAvmNL scnsw MACHINE'.

(Appution med Juy 19, '1909. (No Model.) l2 Sheets-Sheet Il.

No. 677,37l. 'Patented July's, 19m.v

P. mvlares. scREw MACHINE.

(Application led July 19,1900.)

(No Model.) l2 Shea'is-Sheei I2.

YJosnPi-i P. LAvic'Nn,

" PATE-NT scali-:ijv-.MACHINR srncnfrcarronformingpaa 5f Letters Appnmiim and my 19', -1900.

TolctZZ whoml it may emmenev 'Be it known that I, JOSEPH P. LAVIGNm-of' New Haven, in the county-0f New Haven and and the charac'ters'ot` reference marked there- State of Connecticut, have invented@ new Improvement in VScrew-IVIachines; andv I dol hereby declare the following, when taken in connection withv the accmpanying drawingson; to be a full, clear, and exact description ofthe same, and 'which said drawings constitute i part of this specification, and represent,;in-,

Figure 1,-a plan vievy of my improved machine; Fig. 2, a view of the machine in side elevation; Fig. 3,`a.view ofthe .machine in front elevation; Fig. 4, a view ofthe nia-chine;

in rear elevation; lig. 5, avieW-of the machine in vertical transverse section on the line a b of Fig. 1; Fig., 6, a broken view'ofthe machine, partly in elevation and partly in vertical longitudinal section,`on the line c d of Figf, this view showing a biankn position to-be insertedand a finished screwin position -to be ejected; Fig. 7,-a detached view',

.in side elevation, of one ofthe coupling-linksl employed t0 connect the feeding and ejecting instrumentalities of the machine; Fig. 8,- a

-plan View of the coupling-linlq'Fig. 9, aview similar to Fig. 6, but.v less comprehensive, showing the vreversed positions of the instrupartly in section', showing ithe'combinedv blank-carrier and back-rest and the 'cutter mentali'ties employed *for feeding and ejecting the blanks and nished screws; Fig. 10,

a detail View, partly in side elevation and employed for pointing the blanks; Fig. 11, a

detail view, partly in plan and partly in'hor'i-l zontal section, showing the 'means employed for rotating the blanks; Fig. 12, a detached.

I employed for driving the shafts vcarrying the screw-drivers which rot-ate Jthe blanks; Fig. 14, a detail View, in side elevation, showing onev'of the gear-cradles yandthe parts con` `nected vwithit; Fig. 15, a detail view of they machine, partly in plan and partly inhorizontal section, showing the thread-cutters and the means forrcciprocating the same; Fig.' 1G, a detail vicW, i-n broken ver tical sec- Patent No. evasneted Julye, 190i. Serial nu. 24,231. on finden) means employed for oscillating the same', inclnding' the cutter-oscillating cam; Fig. 17,`a

detached view of the rocking frame employed 'for'recipr'ocating the screw driver! shafts;

OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, AssieNOR'TQ-WESLEY S-BLOCK. oF 'NEW YORK,- N. Y.- y 1- f .I tion," showing thefthread-cutters and fthe. l

YFig.18g-fardetached view infelevatimi` ofthe f reciprocating 'frame which. reciprocatesthe thread-cutter rods and which carriesthe pawls g employed for operating the gear: lradles .of

the blank-rotating mechanism.; -FigL4 .19," a de tached perspective'view of onee-thegthread cutters; 'F-i'g. 20, a'view in sidei screw having particular machine shown 'is adapted to cpt; Fig. 251, a

of theI threads.

broken view of the pointjbf this* screwkenlarged tobetter show the character My invention 'relatestoanlimprovementjin wood-screw machinesythebbject being to 'produce a comparatively simple -machine constructed with particu-lar referencia to in-A creased capacity-ferl work andtoadjustment for varying the pitch and number in the .screws produced.

.With these' ends in view inyin'v ntion consists in certain details Aof construction and f A combinations of parts, as .will b e hereinafter described, and pointed out `in' the claims.

-The machine chosen by me for the purpose of illustrating my invention is a double machine in the sense that theblank feeding and cutting instrnfmentalitiesarc'd'uplicatedand 'avrranged sofas to .be driven fromgthe same power connections, whereby the capacity of the machine is increased. It is apparent,

however, that asingle set of, blank feeding and cutting'- in'strum'entalities...might boemployed.- v1 should also-mention that the ma` chine chosen by -rne tor-'the pnrposeof illustrating my invention is adapted v'for the productienot the screw known as the Cald- `Vwellv lscrew and described in United Y'States PatentNo 635,297, granted October 24, 1 899.

lna'smuchas the sev-eral parts of thetwo sets of blank feeding and cutting .instrumentalities are duplicates of Teach other, I shall vfoi` Y' the sake of convenience describe only one set of-thein, 'but designate all of the corresponding Aparts by corresponding numbers and ietters. In'v describing the machineIsh-all, as I far as possible, take up its instrninentaliti'es y inthe order of succession of their' operation emerge, so as to rest'upon a horizontal table 4, ,from which theyare, pushed inward bya feeding-rod 5 into peripheral chambers 6, formed in a heavy cylindrical combined carrier and back-rest 7, arranged in ahorizontal position and rotating upon a heavy screwstud 8,'entered into an uprighti), secured to the bed l0 of the machine. v The chainber's 6 may vary in number; but they are always lof cated at equal distances apart and atithe saine;

distance from the center of the carrier 7, which is formed at its inner end'with aflange 11,". Athrough which the said chambers 6 enter, as it were, the part 7. .The said chambers have their extreme inner ends enlarged by countersinkingthe inner end of the part 7 for there-A ceptiou ofthe headset the screw-blanks, the

inthe said Harige, which thusV 'provides fon holding the yblanks in place in thepart 7 withi out the use of separate blank-holding devices. laterallyoi" radially open frein the point of theiremergence into the outer face of the flange through to the extreme outer end of thepart 7. Throughout the open portion of the chambers they are virtually semicylindrical in crosssection, being centrally inter-I' sected by the radii of the part 7 andl consti- `tuting anvilsor supports for takingv the radially-inward thrust or pressure ifinpose'd` upon the blanks while the'same'a'rehaving screw-threads cut in them, as .will be hereinafterde'scribed. In length the combined carrier and`back-rest is shorter tha'n'the screwblanks, .the ends of which will project beyond its `outer end for asuflcient distance to be acted upon by a pointing instrument, as will alsobe described later. on.

` The ho'rzontai feeding-mists' rigidly se! cured 'at its enteren-d ina hole 12, formed in 'a coupling L link 13, Figs. 7 end v, which is formed with a hole 14, adapting itfto be-Inount-' ed upon a' horigontal operating-rod 15,'upon. vwhichit is adj ustably secured by meansy of .=;e t-'s :rew16.v The said rod 151reci-procatesin` chine, and is pivctally connected at its outer vend with tho upper end of one of the two corresponding arme 1S of a rocking yoke 19, Fig.

5, hung upon screw-pivots 2O 20 in brackets which is acted upon by the combined feedingV I and ejecting cam 23,' mounted upon vthe cani- Xshaft 24. At the, saine time that a blank2 is 'being fed in one direction into thecarrier 7 by the rod 5 a finished`screw24 is positively ejected in the opposite direction from the carf rier by means of la hoolnlike ejector 25, ad-

Thesaid chamberstI are','howeve r,

justably mounted in the npperend cfa .post 26, secured to the forward end of a recipro- 'eating ejecting-rod 27, havin-g bearing in a secu-red to the bed 10 ofmthe machine 'The lupperend'of the coupling-lever 3l receives in its elongated slot the screwbolt 33?, which is-ent ed into a threaded socket 34,- formed in the lower end of4 the coupling-link 13,` vwhereby the lever 31 is conuectedwith the said link, It will thus be lseen that through the coupling-lever 31 the'hook-like ejector 25 i'soperated simultaneously with the feeding-1 power,bu t

-rod 5 and from the same source of 1in the vopposite direction.

Thecornbined carrier and back-rest 7 is actuate'd iny step-byf-steprotation by means of l f a paw-l 35pivotedin the-upper endof a plunheads and necks of which are ccnnedwithger 36, thelowe-r end of which'islpivotally 25 lconuectezlwith the arni 3,7'oi-a bellf'crauk le-- ver hung ina bracket 3 8, secured to the maprovided with-a bracket v42,' carrying an allinstable friction-roller 43, enacting with-the earrierca'm 44, which is mounted upon thecain-shaft 24.. The plunger 36 is located in a .vertical sleeveor housing 45, secured to the 'machine-bed 10 andreceiving also the upper j'end'of a coiledspring 46,- enc'ircling the plunger and arranged vto exert a onstanteiort to vdepress the -sa`me,`whereby the anti-frictionroller 43 is kept'in constant contact wit-n the face ofthe cam 44v. 'A small spring 47, located inachainber for'rned -for it in the plunger 36,

engages with the heel ot' the vp'awl 35 for keeping the same -incontact with the carrier 7.l

AThe upper end of the pawl 35 enters the cute-r 4 ends of 'the cha1nbers 6,'forined 4in the car-4 rier' 7 for the 4reception ot thescrew-blanks. Once `l during every 'revolution of thev cam 44 the `I )l'un'ger and pawl are lifted-moving the carrier a step.` After every movement of the catch '48, locate-din a chambe'red hub 49,

carrier it is locked by means' ot' a -springformed integral with thenpper'endfof the up- 'right 9, before mentioned. Every. time the cam v44 revolves 'italso operates to rotate the carrier Zon theopposite side of the machineA through a train OtnStrumentalities eorre"` sponding to thosejust described, and shown in Fig. 7. g. After a screivlblank has been .introduced into the carrier Tand the carrier has been y I moved twice the head of the blank is brought into position to have its slot entered into by,` I a vscrew-driver 50, secured by a screw 51 inA the forward end of a screw-driver shaft 52, lmounted forreciprocatiou in a sleeve 53, to

which it is secured b y a' key 54, and which runs in bearings 55 5 5, 'bol ted to thernachine.

eraser r l bed 10. For the purpose of producing screws 'is not rotated pendent threads.`

having twoindependent threads'instead of a continuous' thread the blank continuously, lbut its rotation is at regular intervals interrupted for a pe-4 riod corresponding to the timerequired for rotating it through a half-circle and then resumed, and so on, whereby new and oppositely-located .surfaces are presented to the thread-cutter 113, which then4 cuts two-inde- In other words, atregular screws having intervals thescrewdriverishaft skips a halftoit tocut.

' engagement with a clutch-pin 61,

rotation without any corresponding @interrup tion inthe action of the thread-cutter, which thus has new surfaces on the blank presented For the purpose of such-'interruptions in the rotation of the blank I mount upon the sleeve vided upon -its opposite' faces withannular shoulders 57 58,'repecti'velyfurnished with clutch-pins 59 and'60, arranged diagonally opposite each other. The said gear 56 is loosely mounted upon the sleeve4 for longitudinal movement thereupon'. Then moved forwardly its clutch-pin 59 is brought into mounted in a head 62, formed upon the sleeve 53, where-l by the sleeve,'and hence theshaft 52, is caused to r'otate withv the'gear.. On the other hand,

when the gear is movedrearwardly'npon the I f sleeve its clutch-pin 60 -is engaged with a clutch-pin 63, mounted ina collar 64, brazed upon the sleeve-153, whereb'y the same-is ro,- tatedby the gearycausingl the shaft' 52 tb'e rotated, Iriasm uch as the pins 59 and 60 are located diagonally' opposite each other, the gear-wheel must rotate through half a circle between the disengagement of one of its pins with one of the'pins 61 andf63 audits engagementwith the other. During this half-rotation of the gear-wheel the screw-driver shaft and the screw-driver, and hence vthe blank,

will be at rest. They will, so to speak, skip a half-rotation, yso thatJ when they are started in rotation again the blank'will have, in eect,

lost ahalf-rotation and will present its opposite side to the thread-cutter, which will on thatside begin to cnt an independent'thread, as will be more fully described later on.

Toprovide for the Vlongitudinal movement of the annular gear 56, locate itin a cradle 64j, Fig. 12, the base of which is formed'with a hole 65, receiving a horizontally-.arranged guiding-rod 66, to which itis secured by a pin 67,v Fig. 14, the rod being mounted in the frame 17, which, as shown in Fig. 14, isa double -franie and made Aso on account of the double character of themachine. The cradle 64 is provided with an antifriction-roll 68, which is operated upon .by a stepped cradlecam' 69, mounted upon a stud 70, supported inthe frame`17 aforesaid. The cam 69 is rotated step by step through the ageneyofa ratchet wheel 7l, having undercut teeth, which .are engaged by-the hook-like end of a pawl 72, pivotally mounted Lin a pair of arms 7 5, formed at one end of a double reciprocat- 53 an annular gear', proi` ing frame 74, Fig. 18, provided with an antifriction-roll 75, coactin g with a cam (the cutter-reciprocating cam) 76, mounted upon an intermediate shaft 77.l The cam 76 operates to move Athe frame 74 forward for the engagement of the pawl 72 with the teeth ofthe ratchet-wheel 71, which is turned by the rearward movement of the frame 74. under the ac- 'tion ofv two spiral springs 78 78, encircling rear ends in the frame 74 and having their forward ends entered so as: to play back and forth in `the frame-piece 80, Fig. 15. The annular gear 56 is constantly rotated by an intermediate gear 81,-Fig. 13, meshing into a drivinggear 82, mounted on the'driving-shaft 83,- 'and also meshing into a corresponding gear 81, which in tu-rn drives Ithe gear 56, located in the cradle 64 on the opposite side of the machine. The said driving-shaft 83 is provided with a loose pulley 84,.on which the power-belt runs, this pulley being connected` with or disconnected from the shaft 83 by means of a suitable clutch 85, connected with an operating-handle 86. At its'extreme rear end the driving-shaft 83` is provided with a wheel 87, which meshes into a gear-wheel 87", mounted uponthe intermediate shaft 77, carrying a pinion 87, meshing into a .large 24. The said screw-driver shaft 52 is moved longitudinally for the purpose of engaging its screw-driver 50 with and disengaging it from the screw-blanks by means of a double rocking 93, which is .mounted 24. The said rocking the screw-driver cam upon the cam-shaft' brackets 95, bolted to the machine-bed 10. The said caml 93 operates to rock the frame drivers are engaged with. the screws, fron which they are disengaged when the frame is rocked rearward. 1heserocking movements of the ,frame and the longitudinal movements of the screw-driver shafts do not, however, affect the rotation of the shafts in the manner already described. After a blank has been brought into regis- .tration with the screw-driver and has been `engagedand started in rotation thereby it is then pointed by means of a cutter 101, mounted in a box 102, having a heavy stem 103, adjustably mounted in the upper end of one of pinion 87, meshing into'an-intermediate gear frame 91, Fig. 17, provided at its lower'v end Y withan antifriction-roll'92, coacting with y m5 91 forward, its rearward rocking movementY said frame is rockedA forward, the screw-` spring-rods-79 79, rigidly fastened at their gear-wheel 90, mounted upon the cam-shaft v IOO frame 91 swings upon pivot's94 94, carried by respective screw-driver shafts 52 y the'two arms 104 cfaA yoke 105, which is arraltngedto slide back and forth upon two horizontally-arranged rods 1061106, which' pass` through the yoke near its base, andthe ends of Whchare supported lin arms 107, formed integralV with the machine-bed 10.v The said yoke 105 is provided with a depending operrear end Vplays back and forth in alug 112 on the machine-bed 10, the said spring 110V ex" erting aconstant effort/to push the yokel forward. The movement of the cutter 101 will be back andforth in a line parallel with the axis of the combined blank-carkrier` and bac'k-Y rest 7. After the blank has been poirtdt'nd before the carrier is again moved another step two independent threads are cut in it by means of4 a thread-cutter 113, which seats t-h'e blank irmly upon -the bottom of itschamber' 7 inthe carrier 6 by inward radial pressure,

` thecarrier acting at this time as a back-rest.- The said thread -cutter .113 is adjustably mounted in a jaw 114, formed in the upper end of an arm 115, rigidly secured to one of the two corresponding cutterlrods 116, bothl of which reciprocateas well as oscillate. The rear ends of these cutter-rods are swiveled'in the ends of the frame 74, the reeiprocation of which, under the action of thesprngs 78 and the cutter-reciprocating cam 76, causes acorresponding movement backand forthof the cutter-rods, and hence the cutters. The rock# ing movement of the; cutters inward toward the screw-blanks to dotheir work thereupon and 4outward from the blanks to clear the same preparatory to being moved longitudinally into position to begin cutting again is produced by oscillating the cutter-.rods 116, whichisprovided for by furnishing each of them with a depending'operatiug-arm 117, to which they7 are keyed, but through which they are free to reciprocate. These arms are connected at their lower ends byv a skeleton or frame-like reach 118, furnished with an an'tifriction-,roll 119,l riding upon a cutteroscillating cam 120, secured to the cam-'shaft 24.. The said cam 120 is formed with along space 121, which, so to speak, suspends the operation of the cam during the feeding ot' a blank, the pointinglof another blank, and the ejection of a finished screw. The remaining surface of this cam is divided into ten-threadcuttng cam-surfacesv separated from each i other by deep notches aand diderentiated from each ctherin regular progression in pairs. Thus,beginningat one end ofthespace12l,the pair Z) b' of the cam-surfaces are exactly alike. The next succeeding pair c c' are exactly alike, but shallower thanfthe surfaces b bf The pair of surfaces d d are alike, but shallower than the surfaces c c'. The pair of sur-- faces e e are alike, but shallower than `the surfaces tijd.y The last pair of surfaces f f are exactly alikeybut shallower than the surfaces c ej`.f"`. Infthed'rawings these surfaces do not, perhapmappear to be appreciably diier` lentiatedfromeachother, and in ythe machine itself .this diderentiation will scarcely be lapparent toglh'ei-nakedeye, because so very slight. vIt will be noted, however, that each surface corresponds to the general contour of one side of a screw. The object of arranging these surfacesin' pairs of corresponding surfaces is to provide for cutting-two threads in each screw,which is made pcssiblaas before described, Iby--l reaking thef rotation ofthe screwblankby half-turn skips, during which it rests, so'fthat when it begins to rotate again it-Iias, in effect', 'lost'ahalf-turn, and so presents a new surface to the action of the thread, cutterzi' Thus.;the action oh thesurfaceb is 'to-.causeth'e cutters --to removea thin chip from veach screweblanknvhile the ac`tion,of lthe surface b', is to remove a correspondlng vchip fromv the oppositeside of each screw- 1blank, which side-'is at this time presentedto the cutters, owing to the loss by the screw'- blanks of a halfrotation.- Inother Words,l

the surfaces b, c, d, e, and f represent one of the two threads ofeach screw,A and the surfaces b', c',fdl',' c', vand f represent'the 'other'.

of the twothreads of each screw.

" `I may employ any approved cutter; but'by preference I shallemploy a cutter formed vat its end, as shown in Fig. 1 9, with a V-shaped 'notch `113, corresponding in form to the.

cross-section of'a screw-thread, and with cut-- ting edges 113b 113?, located on.`opposite sides of the said notch, which, as it were, straddles the rudimentary thread, and finally ,the nished thread, in such a way as to prevent the sWerving-of the tool and also in such a way as to prevent the crowding, and therefore the burrin'g, ofthe threads beinglcut. Vith'suchcutters the threads of the finished screws are left4 very smooth and perfect. I therefore -prefer to employ such cutters, although .my machine is perfectly-well adapted to be used with single cutters of ordinary construction. "l I haves-poken vof'my machine as being adapted for the production of-wood -screws each having two threads; but it is also adapt ed to' thev production-of screws having three yor a larger number of threads, for which purpose .th-e annular gears` employed for being coupled with the bearing-sleeves of the screw driving shafts 'would'vbe provided with three, four, or more cluvtchfpins instead of with two clutch-pins, as inthe machine described. On

the other hand, if it were desired to produce single-threaded screws, then the annular, i

gears would be xedrigidly to the said sleeves,

so that the screw-blanks would be continuf l ously rotated Vwithout anylof the skips provided for inthe machine'being described.

Although the operation of themachine has been quite fully described in connection with `the foregoing detailed description? -of the` mechanism, it may be well to state briefly that with the blanks, which are thenrotated,

.the pointing-cutters pointthe blanks. The cam-surfacebof the cutter-oscillating cam 120 by means of which they are fed into the car-. riers, which afterl they have -moved .twice bring the blankslinto registration widththe screw-driverotthe screw-d rivershafts,which now move forwardto engage the screw-drivers,

' now operates to effect the oscillation ofA the' cutter-rods' 1 16, soas to bring the cutters 113 `into contact with the screw-blanks for beginning'the thread near the'neek of each. The cutter-reciprocating cam 76 now operates to move the cutters horizontally forward, so as lto traverse the' length of the shank of each blank, while at the same time the cam-surface b of the cutter-oscillating cam 120 is vcontrolling the position of the cutters with-respect to thelongitudinal centers. of the blanks, which during this time are being radidly rotated. Whenthe cutters have passed off the points of 4the blanks, the aniifriction-roll 119 drops into the notch a, of the cam 120', permitting the cutters to swing away from the screw-blanks, so as to clear the same.. The two springs 79 at once act to retract the cutter-rods, and hence thecutters, which are moved rearward lngitudinally into their original positions. The lcam-surface b of the cam 120 now acts to' oscillate the cutters which are brought into Contact with the screw-blanks, but this time at opposite points on the surfaces thereof, for meanwhile the blanks have skipped a half-rotation, owing to the operation of the longitudinally-movable gear-cradles 64 under the control'of the cradle-cam 69. The cutter-recipro- 4o `eating cam 7 6 now. operates .to inove the cntters forward, while at the same time the camsurface'b of the cutter-oscillating cam operates to control the position of the cutters with respect .to the longitudinal centers of the screw-blanks, from both of which chips are removed exactly like the chips removed in the last preceding operation'of the cutters. Two independent threads havenow been started upon each blank. The cutters are now drawn back by the operation of the springs'79 79, the screw-blanks are brought into their initial positions with respect to the cutters by again skipping a half-rotation, and the camsurface c is broughtinto play for cutting anothenchip from each of the screw-blanks, so as to deepen ea'ch of the rudimentary threads formed by the first cutting action of` the cutters. After the completion of this chip the cutters are restored to their starting positions, the screw-blanks skip a half-rotation, and the cam-surface c' is broughtint'o play for cutting another chip from each of the rudimentary threads formed by the action of the cam-surface b'. These operations are repeated until the lscrewblanksare transformed into finished screws, each'of which has had ten chips removed from it ini the manner dethreads, each of which has required the removal of ive chips.v I

It will'of course be'apparent that the depth vof the threads may-be varied as desired by thesubstitutiouin the machine of diierent cutter-oscillatin g cams, while the pitch ofthe threads may be varied as desired by changing the pitch of the cutter-reciprocating cam -76 -or by removing the pinion 87 and the cam 7 6 and the pinion 87 may be changed, all according to what pitch of screw-thread is desired and to the conditions under which it scribed for the formation of two independent` l* replacing -it by one having more or fewer teeth, or *both is' desired to produce them. I would therei fore have it understood -thatl do not limit 'myself to l `the exact construction herein shown vand described, but hold myself at libmake such changes and alterations as fairly fall within the spirit and 'scope ofv my invention.- y 1 Havinglfully described myinvention,what

I claim as new,`and de's ire to secure by Letters Patent, is l. A screw-machine having a rotatable combined blank-carrier and back-rest consistingof'a cylinder' formed in. its periphery with aV plurality of laterally orradially open blank-- chambers, and provided at its inner end with a flange. through which the said chambers extend," 'and by means of which the' blanks are held in place by their heads their Shanks are being exposed through the for being cut.

'2; In a screw-machine, the combination with a horizontally-arranged cylindrical rotatable combined blank-carrier and back-rest formed in its periphery with a' series of laterally or radially opening blank-chambers, of an upright carrying the saidu'part, and means for positively feeding blanks into vthe said chambers in one direction, and positively Aejecting the finished screws from the said chambers inthe opposite direction.

and necks while` lroo laterally open port-ionsv oli -the said chambersv IIO 3.\In a screw-machine, the combination with a cylindrical rotatable combined blankcarrier and back-rest, formed at its inner end with an integral flange and provided with a series of blank-chambers extending through the said flange by means of which the blanks are held in place by their heads and necks, and opening laterally or radially outward through the periphery of the body of the blank-,rest for the exposure of the shanks of the blanks to a cutting instrumentality.

4. In a screw-machine, the combination with means for supporting and cutting a screw-blank, of instrumentalities for rotating the blank and interrupting its rotation for the presentation of new surfaces to the cutter, whereby a plurality ot' threads are formedupon the blank. y

5. In a screw-machine, the Acombination with means for supporting and cutting a screw-blank, of instrumentalities for rotating the blank and interrupting its rotation upon the blank.v

(,without disconnection therefrom for shifting its surfaces with respect to the thread-cutter, whereby apluralityof threads areformed 6. In a screw-machine,tl1e combination with means for supporting and cutting a screw-blank, of instrun'ientalitiesv for rotating the'blank and interrupting its'rotation for the shifting of its su'rfaceswith respect tothe thread-cutter, whereby a plurality of ing its 1oi'.ation'','afrocking'` frame lconnected threads are formed upon the .blank"the said instrumen talities including a VlongitudinaAlly- 'movable screw-d river shaft and aclntch metall- 'J anism for temporarily releasing the same and hence stoppingthe blank,.after which the shaft is again started-in rotation' lfor the rotation of the blank.` '7. In a screw-machinegfthecombination withv means for supportingand'c'uttinga' screw-blank', of instrumentalities forfz-'otatiug vthe blank and interrupting its rotation f- Afor shifting itssurfaceswith respect tothe thread-cutter, whereby aplu'rality of threads.

are formed upon theblank, the'said-.instrumentalities including alongitudinaiilyfmov--. able screw-driver shaft, a sleeve rotating the anannular gear-wheel mounted uponihe sleeve' y for sliding movement thereupom-mearrsfor coupling theg'earwith the sleeve indifferent] relations thereto, and henceto the shaft, and

the sleeve',l

shaft and constituting a bearing therefor,

means for automatically shifting 8 In ascreW-machine, thecombina'tion with means for supporting-and cutting a screwblank, of instrumentalitiesfor rotatingrI a blank andinterrupting its rotation for shiitingits surfaces wit-h respect to the threadcutter, whereby'a plurality' of threads are formed upon the blank, 'thesaid instrumen- 4talities including a; longitudinally.- movable screwdriver shaft, ia sleeve rotating the-shaft and constituting a bearing therefor, 'an annular gear-wheel mounted upon theslee've for 'sliding movement thereupon, means for coupling the gear withthe sleevein'diiferent -re- -'lations.thereto,a cradle receiving-the 'annu-- e @geen Ying' the cradleback and forth for shifting the gear to'couple 'it with the lsleeve'in diiere'nt relations thereto. i

and means for automatically mov- 9. Ina-screw-machine, the

screw-blank', of-instrumentaliti'es for lrotating 'the'bla-nk and interruptingiit's A'rotation for'shifting its surfaces with respect tothe thread-cutter, whereby a pluralityof threads are formed upon the blank, the said instruL vand provided upon vits opposite.l faces vwith clutch-pins, located diagonally opposite each other, clutch-pins connected with the sleeve and located directly opposite each other, and 4 means for moving thegea'r to engage its clutchpins Withthose of the sleeve.

\ l combination Withmeans for supporting andcutting a 'opposite directions. l l 15.` In a screw-machine, the combination f-lO. Ina screw-machine, the combination with means for supp'orting and cutting a screw-blank, of instrumentalities for rotat-i ing the blank and interruptingits rotation for shifting its surfaces with respect -to the thread-cutter, whereby a plurality of threads .arelformedupon the'blank, the said instrumentalities including-a longitudinally-movable'sc'rew-d river shaft,"means connected with the said shaft for-rotating it and for interruptwith the -rear end of 'the screw-driver shaft for for rocking vthe frame,

1l. In

screw-driver shatt,`and means .for rotating the saidshaft and interrupting its rotation for shifting the ysurfacesoi the ,blank with respect tothe cuttenwhereby aplurality of A threadsare vformed-upontile blank, v.the said means including a longitudinally-movable an, nularger-wheel, a cradle in which'the same is mounted, a cradle-cam for actuating the cradle, a ratchetwheel for actuating the cam,-

apawl fonactuatihg the ratchet-wheel, and

fmeans for .in ying-the pawlback land forth.

12. .I n aseewmachine, ,the combination v with a cylindrical combined blank-carrier and 'backrest formed with laterally or radially open peripheral blank-chambers, mechanism foractn-ating the same in step-by-step rotation, means for rotating .the blanks inthe said chambers, a tl1r"ead-cutter for threading the laterally-exposed porti-ons of the blanks, and a pointing-cutter located adjacent ,to the outer end .of the said combined` blank-carrier and back-rest, and moving in alinep'arallel *.with the axis-'thereof for pointing the projecting ends'of"theblanks` Y 13. In a screw-machinmithe combination with a horizontally-arranged cylindrical com- Abinedf blank-carrier andrback-r'est having a ser'es'of blank-chambers each opening later- 1 allyioutwa'rd through the periphery of its body. portiongof means for feeding the blanksintothe saidch'ambersinone direction, and n v' means'oforfpositively ejecting the finished screws from the said chambers in theoppo- I site direction. I-

l 14. Ina-screW-machine, the combination r'with a combined blank-carrier and back-rest, `-of means for'feeding screw-blanks thereinto in onedirectiOn, and for ejecting thev iinished screws therefrom l ing the opposite direction,

and means for connecting the said feeding and ejecting instrumentalities, whereby they 1 2 are caused to operate simultaneously inthe with 'a thread-cutter, of means for supporting ter, a cutter-rod for'carrying the said cutter,

vmeans formoving the said rod longitudinally a screwmac ineglthe combinati-on witha'co'mbined carrier and back-rest, of a y i threadcutter, a longitudinally movable to move the cutter lengthwise with respect to the screw-blank, a cam'provided with a series of Jcam-surfaces arranged iti-groups of corresponding cam-surfaces, and means ford transmittting the action of the vsaid cam-'surfaces to the cutter-rod and cutter, whereby corresponding chips are removed from dif` ferent portions of a-screw-blank aslthesame is intermittently rotated. l

v16. In a screwLmaehine, the combination with a threadcutter, of means for supporting a screw-blank, instrumentalities for rotating the blank and interrupting its rotation for the presentation ofl new surfaces to the cutter, a cutter-rod for carrying the said cutter, means yfor movin gthe said rod longitudinally to move the cutter lengthwise with respect to the screw-blank, a cam foroscllating the cutters, provided'with a. seriesv of cam-surfaces arranged in pairs of corresponding cam-surfaces thepairs of which are shaped to progressively increase the oscillation of the cutter and hence the depth of vthe threads cut. thereby, and means for transmitting the ac.-

tionV of the said cam-surfacesl to the cutter' rod and cutter.

. 17. In a double screw-machine, the combination with two sets of blank-feeding, blankrot-ati'ng, thread-cutting and iinished-screw- `ejecting instrumentalities, 'of a rocking head connecting the blank-rotating instrumentalities for moving themlongitudinally, means Y for rotating foi-'rocking the said head, means the said blank-rotating instrumentalities and for interrupting their rotation, including two annular gear-wheels, means for driving the said gear-wheels, two cradles for shifting the said gear-wheels, a cradle-caurfor operating the said'eradles simultaneously, and means for driving the saideam.

- In testimony whereof I'have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses. Y JOSEPH I. LAVIGNE.

IVitnesses:

FREDERrC C. EARLE, GEORGE D. SEYMOUR. 

